Russia opposition leader Alexei Navalny under house arrest
The house arrest is for two months, but can be extended.
Investigators accused him of violating the terms of a suspended sentence from an earlier case.
Navalny, a leading opposition figure and anti-corruption campaigner, has dismissed the charges against him as ridiculous and politically motivated.
Officials said he had repeatedly travelled outside Moscow, in violation of the sentence.
He was also charged with resisting arrest at a rally on Monday evening, at which hundreds of other activists were also picked up by police.
Unsanctioned demonstrations have become rare since the government signed anti-protest legislation in 2012, levying heavy fines and sometimes imposing jail terms on protesters.
Critics of Russia's president accuse him of stepping up pressure on dissent in recent weeks, with an eye on upheaval in neighbouring Ukraine.
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